Pyrotechnics on New Year’s Eve: Beautiful Tradition or Environmental Problem?
New Year’s Eve is synonymous with the noise and lights of pyrotechnics, and for many, this is an integral part of the celebration. Recently, however, for an increasing number of people, this has also become a source of concern. What is the future of pyrotechnics in a world seeking ecological solutions, and what are the harms that remain hidden?
More and more environmental organizations are raising the alarm about the ecological consequences of pyrotechnics. Scientific research is clear: pyrotechnics in their current form do not meet the requirements for a sustainable future. This is precisely why many countries are introducing restrictions or outright bans.
Main Concerns: Why Pyrotechnics Harm Us
Air pollution
Pyrotechnics release fine particulate matter and toxic substances into the atmosphere. On New Year’s Eve, pollution levels can exceed safe limits many times over. Consequently, this particularly affects people with respiratory problems, asthma, and heart conditions.
Accidents, Injuries, and Fires
Firecrackers are among the most common causes of accidents. Every year, dozens of people are injured — burns, eye and hand injuries, some with permanent consequences. Often the victims are children who don’t understand the danger. Sometimes these seemingly harmless “bangs” also cause fires.
How Fireworks Harm Animals
While we celebrate, thousands of animals experience terror. The loud noise from firecrackers is especially traumatic — sudden, repetitive, and unpredictable. Birds, cats, and dogs in populated areas greet the New Year in fear, and some are even injured.
Waste and Pollution
After the celebration, plastic and paper remnants cover the streets. This waste contains chemicals that can seep into the soil and contaminate water sources — yet another way pyrotechnics harm the environment long after the show ends.
The Hidden Cost
The money that society spends on purchasing pyrotechnics on New Year’s Eve amounts to millions. Money that we could use more wisely, and that the state could invest in healthcare, education, or projects that improve quality of life.
What Is Europe Doing About Fireworks Harm?
Change is already underway. In the Netherlands, for example, parliament voted to ban the sale of pyrotechnics to consumers starting from 2026. The reasons include environmental pollution and a rising number of incidents. Similarly, other European countries are following this example.
In Bulgaria, the Four Paws Foundation runs a campaign to raise public awareness about fireworks harm to animals and the environment. You can find more information on their website.
The New Year is a symbol of new beginnings. We encourage a shift towards reducing harmful emissions, fewer accidents, and living in harmony with nature.
